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Jingnan Campaign
Jingnan Campaign, or Jingnan Rebellion, was a civil war in the early years of the Ming Dynasty of China between the Jianwen Emperor and his uncle Zhu Di, the Prince of Yan. It started in 1399 and lasted for 3 years. The campaign ended after the forces of Prince of Yan captured the imperial capital Nanjing. The fall of Nanjing was followed by the demise of Jianwen Emperor, and Zhu Di was crowned the Yongle Emperor.
== Background ==
After establishing the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang began to consolidate the authority of the royal court. He assigned territories to the members of the royal family and stationed them across the empire. These members of the royal family did not have the administrative power over their territory, but they were entitled to a personal army that ranges from 3,000 to 19,000 men.〔Every prince is entitled to three "Wei" (三護衛) of guards. There are approximately 5000-6000 men in each "Wei".〕 Royal members that were stationed in the northern frontier were entitled to even larger forces. For instance, the Prince of Ning was said to have an army of over 80,000 men.〔''History of Ming'', Volume 7: 寧獻王權，太祖第十七子。洪武二十四年封。逾二年，就藩大寧。大寧在喜峰口外，古會州地，東連遼左，西接宣府，為巨鎮。帶甲八萬，革車六千，所屬朵顏三衛騎兵皆驍勇善戰。權數會諸王出塞，以善謀稱。〕
The original crown prince Zhu Biao died young, and his son Zhu Yunwen was made the crown prince. Zhu Yunwen was the nephew of the territorial princes, and he felt threatened by their military power. In May 1398, Zhu Yunwen ascended the throne to become the Jianwen Emperor after the death of Zhu Yuanzhang. The princes were ordered to stay in their respective territories as the new emperor began to plan for the reduction of their military power with his close associates Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng.〔''History of Ming'', Volume 3: 遺詔曰：「朕膺天命三十有一年，憂危積心，日勤不怠，務有益於民。奈起自寒微，無古人之博知，好善惡惡，不及遠矣。今得萬物自然之理，其奚哀念之有。皇太孫允炆仁明孝友，天下歸心，宜登大位。內外文武臣僚同心輔政，以安吾民。喪祭儀物，毋用金玉。孝陵山川因其故，毋改作。天下臣民，哭臨三日，皆釋服，毋妨嫁娶。諸王臨國中，毋至京師。諸不在令中者，推此令從事。」〕〔''Ming Tongjian'', Volume 11: 至是燕王自北平奔喪，援遺詔止之，於是諸王皆不悅，流言煽動，聞于朝廷。謂子澄曰：「先生憶昔東角門之言乎？」對曰：「不敢忘。」於是始與泰建削藩之議。〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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